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Examples of Neutralization Reaction

We explain that what are examples of neutralization reaction? A neutralization is a chemical reaction in which the reactants are an acid and a base , and the products are a salt and water . It is called “neutralization” because acids have a low pH, lower than 7, and bases have a high pH, ​​higher than 7. When they come into contact, they chemically counteract, and if they go in the same proportions, the pH of the result will be neutral , 7.

The acids that participate in the neutralization reactions can be inorganic acids , such as hydrochloric HCl, which are generally strong, or organic acids , such as formic H-COOH, which are generally weak. On the other hand, the 
most used bases are inorganic ones , such as sodium hydroxide NaOH and calcium hydroxide Ca (OH) 2 , which is strong.

The chemical equation for a neutralization reaction has the following form:

Acid + Base -> Salt + Water

HCl + NaOH -> NaCl + H 2 O

HCOOH + NaOH -> HCOONa + H 2 O

Neutralization reactions are used in industry when there is a leakage of an acid or a base, since each one in its concentrated state is a corrosive substance, dangerous for a human being to have contact with it. The procedure for this neutralization is standardized and consists of several steps:

  • Delineate the area with standardized yellow tape.
  • Designate the personnel who will be in charge of neutralization.
  • The staff in charge puts on personal protective equipment.
  • The substance that counteracts the spill will be poured. If it is an acid, a base is poured, and vice versa.
  • The reaction is allowed to occur, preventing more people from intervening.
  • When the reaction has finished, water is added, to dilute the substances.
  • The liquid is transported to a drain.
  • The area is washed so that there is no longer a residue that can react.
  • The signage is removed and you return to daily activities.
Examples of neutralization

1.- Hydrochloric acid HCl with sodium hydroxide NaOH.

HCl + NaOH -> NaCl + H 2 O

2.- Hydrochloric acid HCl with potassium hydroxide KOH.

HCl + KOH -> KCl + H 2 O

3.- Hydrobromic acid HBr with sodium hydroxide NaOH.

HBr + NaOH -> NaBr + H 

2 O

4.- Hydrobromic acid HBr with potassium hydroxide KOH.

HBr + KOH -> KBr + H 2 O

5.- Sulfuric acid H 2 SO 4 with sodium hydroxide NaOH.

H 2 SO 4 + 2NaOH -> Na 2 SO 4 + 2H 2 O

6.- Sulfuric acid H 2 SO 4 with potassium hydroxide KOH.

H 2 SO 4 + 2KOH -> K 2 SO 4 + 2H 2 O

7.- Sulfuric acid H 2 SO 4 with magnesium hydroxide Mg (OH) 2 .

H 2 SO 4 + Mg (OH) 2 -> MgSO 4 + 2H 2 O

8.- Sulfuric acid H 2 SO 4 with calcium hydroxide Ca (OH) 2 .

H 2 SO 4 + Ca (OH) 2 -> MgSO 4 + 2H 2 O

9.- Hydrogen sulfide H 2 S with magnesium hydroxide Mg (OH) 2 .

H 2 S + Mg (OH) 2 -> MgS + 2H 2 O

10.- Hydrogen sulfide H 2 S with calcium hydroxide Ca (OH) 2 .

H 2 S + Ca (OH) 2 -> CaS + 2H 2 O

11.- Formic acid HCOOH with sodium hydroxide NaOH.

HCOOH + NaOH -> HCOONa + H 2 O

12.- Formic acid HCOOH with potassium hydroxide KOH.

HCOOH + KOH -> HCOOK + H 2 O

13.- Formic acid HCOOH with magnesium hydroxide Mg (OH) 2 .

2HCOOH + Mg (OH) 2 -> (HCOO) 2 Mg + 2H 2 O

14.- Formic acid HCOOH with calcium hydroxide Ca (OH) 2 .

2HCOOH + Ca (OH) 2 -> (HCOO) 2 Ca + 2H 2 O

15.- Acetic acid CH 3 COOH with sodium hydroxide NaOH.

CH 3 COOH + NaOH -> CH 3 COONa + H 2 O

16.- Acetic acid CH 3 COOH with potassium hydroxide KOH.

CH 3 COOH + KOH -> CH 3 COOK + H 2 O

17.- Ácido acético CH3COOH con hidróxido de magnesio Mg(OH)2.

2CH3COOH + Mg(OH)2 –> (CH3COO)2Mg + 2H2O

18.- Ácido acético CH3COOH con hidróxido de calcio Ca(OH)2.

2CH3COOH + Ca(OH)2 –> (CH3COO)2Ca + 2H2O

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